The champion in a round-robin tournament is the contestant that wins the most games, except when draws are possible. Season ending tennis tournaments also use a round robin format prior to the semi on stages.Įvaluation Advantages of the format The group phases of the UEFA club competitions and Copa Libertadores are contested as a double round-robin, as are most basketball leagues outside the United States, including the regular season of the EuroLeague (as well as its former Top 16 phase) the United Football League has used a double round-robin for both its 20 seasons.
Examples with single round-robin scheduling include the FIFA World Cup, UEFA European Football Championship, and UEFA Cup (2004–2009) in football, Super Rugby ( rugby union) in the Southern Hemisphere during its past iterations as Super 12 and Super 14 (but not in its later 15- and 18-team formats), the Cricket World Cup along with Indian Premier League, major Twenty-20 Cricket tournament, and many American Football college conferences, such as the Big 12 (which currently has 10 members).
Group tournaments rankings usually go by number of matches won and drawn, with any of a variety of tiebreaker criteria.įrequently, pool stages within a wider tournament are conducted on a round-robin basis. In a more extreme example, the KBO League of baseball plays a 16-fold round robin, with each of the 10 teams playing each other 16 times for a total of 144 games per team. The World Chess Championship decided in 2005 and in 2007 on an eight-player double round-robin tournament where each player faces every other player once as white and once as black. There are also round-robin bridge, chess, draughts, go, ice hockey, curling, and Scrabble tournaments. UEFA European Championship, CONCACAF Gold Cup, AFC Asian Cup, CONMEBOL Copa América and CAF Cup of Nations). This system is also used in qualification for major tournaments such as the FIFA World Cup and the continental tournaments (e.g. Most association football leagues in the world are organized on a double round-robin basis, in which every team plays all others in its league once at home and once away. In sports with a large number of competitive matches per season, double round-robins are common. In Serbian it is called the Berger system ( Бергеров систем, Bergerov sistem), after chess player Johann Berger.Ī round-robin tournament with four players is sometimes called "quad" or "foursome". In Italian it is called girone all'italiana (literally "Italian-style group"). In the United Kingdom, a round-robin tournament has been called an American tournament in sports such as tennis or billiards which usually have knockout tournaments, although this is now rarely, if ever, done.
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The term is rarely used when all participants play one another more than twice, and is never used when one participant plays others an unequal number of times (as is the case in almost all of the major United States professional sports leagues – see AFL (1940–41) and All-America Football Conference for exceptions). If each participant plays all others twice, this is frequently called a double round-robin. In a single round-robin schedule, each participant plays every other participant once. Over a long period of time, the term was corrupted and idiomized to robin. The term round-robin is derived from the French term ruban, meaning " ribbon". 4.3 Original construction of pairing tables by Richard Schurig (1886).
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